1、词性转换
(1) affect(v.)-effect(n.)
(2) relate(v.)-relation(n.)
(3) specialize(v.)-special(adj.)-specially(adv.)
(4) identify (v.)-identity(n.)
(5) means(n.)-mean(v.)-meaning(n.)-meaningful/meaningless (adj.)
(6) restrict(v.)-restriction(n.)
(7) prohibit（v.)-prohibition(n.)
(8) resistance(n.)-resist(v.)-resistant(adj.)
(9) equip (v.)-equipment (n.)
(10)disabled (adj.)-disability(n.)
(11) disturb(v.)-disturbed/disturbing(adj.)
(12)adjust(v.)-adjustment(n.)-adjustable(adj.)
(13)evidence(n.)-evident(adj.)
(14)anxiety(n.)-anxious(adj.)
(15)infection(n.)-infect(v.)-infectious(adj.)
2、重点短语
(1) specialize in 专门研究（从事）；专攻
(2) over the course of 在….过程中
(3) be full of excitement about 对….激动不已
(4) play a critical role in 在…中起关键作用
(5) contract a virus/disease 感染病毒/疾病
(6) relate to 与….相关；涉及
(7) serve as/function as /work as/ act as 充当
(8) be fundamental to 对…是重要的
(9) restrict … to…把…限制在…
(10) wrestle with 努力处理；全力解决
(11) figure out 弄明白，搞清楚
(12) put….in place 准备就绪；（某措施）实施
(13) without doubt 毫无疑问
(14) a ripe old age 高龄
(15)withdraw into oneself 不与人交往；脱离（社会）
(16) lead a normal life 过正常的生活
(17) be equipped with 配有；装有
(18) hold on to 紧握
(19) be capable of doing 能够做….
(20) be grateful for 感谢；感激
(21) be made of/from由…制成
(22) in need of 需要
(23) give rise to导致，引起，使发生
(24) look out for 注意，留意
(25) take measures to do sth/ take action to do sth 采取措施/行动做….
(26) go to great lengths to do sth 竭尽全力做….
(27) come up with 提出，想出
(28) adjust….. to… 调整….以适应…
(29) take the place of/replace A with B代替
(30) reach an / no agreement 达成协议/未达成协议
(31) come into widespread use 得到广泛应用
(32）recommend….as…推荐….作为…
3、重点句子
(1) As many of you may already know, gene play a critical role in shaping our lives.
(2) Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.
(3) The school has also taken action to make everyone aware of the ways to improve eye health.
(4) There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.
(5) One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain.