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[词汇短语]
1. I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. (P26)
风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷,我在这声响中醒来。
wake up 醒,醒来
wake sb up 叫醒某人
【例句】
What time do you usually wake up? 你通常什么时候醒来?
The children woke me up. 孩子们把我吵醒了。
【拓展】
wake up to 意识到/认识到(危险、想法等)
【例句】
We must wake up to the possibility of a war between the two nations.
我们必须意识到两国之间可能爆发战争。
2. I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. (P26)
风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷,我在这声响中醒来。
buffet /ˈbʌfɪt/ vt. 连续猛击;打来打去
/ˈbʌfeɪ/ n. 自助餐
【搭配】
buffet sth about 把……推来推去,把……抛来抛去
【例句】
The nation had been buffeted by a wave of strikes.
罢工浪潮使这个国家受到了重创。
At lunchtime, there’s a choice between the buffet or the set menu.
午餐可以吃自助餐,也可以选套餐。
The boat was buffeted about in the waves.
小船在海浪中飘来荡去。
3. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. (P26)
跟着驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。
territory /ˈterətɔːri/ n. 领土;版图;领域;地盘
【搭配】
enemy/disputed/foreign territory 敌方/有争议的/外国领土
occupied territories 被占领的土地
【例句】
The war was carried into enemy territory.
战争已推进到敌方境内。
We are prepared to fight for every inch of territory.
我们时刻准备着为每一寸领土而战。
4. …, and all new development is banned within park boundaries. (P26)
……,而且公园边界内禁止一切开发活动。
ban /bæn/ vt. 明令禁止;取缔 n. 禁令
【搭配】
ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止(某人)做某事
a ban on sth 对……的禁令
【例句】
Chemical weapons are banned internationally.
国际上禁止使用化学武器。
He was banned from driving for six months.
他被禁止驾驶六个月。
There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.
办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。
5. …, and all new development is banned within park boundaries. (P26)
……,而且公园边界内禁止一切开发活动。
boundary /ˈbaʊndri/ n. 边界;界限;分界线 (pl.) boundaries
【例句】
They marked the boundaries of the basketball court.
他们标出了篮球场的边界。
A river forms the boundary between the two countries.
一条河流成了两国的分界线。
6. At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible. (P26)
在山谷的另一边,可以看到一间古老的萨米人的小屋。
visible /ˈvɪzəbl/ adj. 看得见的;可见的;明显的,可察觉的
【例句】
There was simply no visible evidence to support such a theory.
根本没有任何看得见的证据来证明这种理论。
He showed no visible sign of emotion.
他丝毫不露声色。
Most stars are not visible to the naked eye.
大多数星星肉眼看不见。
【拓展】
visibly adv. 显然,明显地,显而易见地
visibility n. 能见度,能见距离;关注程度;可见性,明显性
invisible adj. 看不见的;隐形的
【例句】
He was visibly shocked.
看得出他大为震惊。
Visibility was down to about 100 metres in the fog.
雾中的能见距离降到了大约100米。
The air is full of millions of invisible germs.
空气中充满了许多看不见的细菌。
7. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. (P26)
由于驯鹿不断迁移,萨米人会收起帐篷,跟随而去。
on the move 在迁移,在行进;忙碌,活跃;在发展变化;在改进
【例句】
The troops were on the move again after a short rest.
队伍休息了一会儿又开动了。
He’s always on the move and never has time to talk.
他总是忙个不停,根本没有时间说话。
It is said that civilization is always on the move.
有人说文明总是在进步。
8. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. (P26)
由于驯鹿不断迁移,萨米人会收起帐篷,跟随而去。
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ vt. 陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏
【例句】
Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
14岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。
The disease is accompanied by sneezing and fever.
这种疾病伴有打喷嚏和发烧症状。
The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister.
女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
【拓展】
accompaniment n. 伴奏;佐餐物
【例句】
They performed to the accompaniment of guitars.
他们在吉他的伴奏下表演。
White wine makes a perfect accompaniment to fish.
白葡萄酒是吃鱼时绝佳的佐餐酒。
9. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I’ve adopted some of their habits. (P27)
我不是萨米人,但是在萨勒克,我养成了萨米人的一些生活习惯。
adopt /əˈdɒpt/ vt. 采用;采取;采纳 vt. & vi. 领养
【搭配】
adopt an approach/a policy/an attitude 采用某种方法/政策/态度
adopt a child 领养孩子
【例句】
Try to adopt a greener lifestyle.
尽量采取更有利于保护环境的生活方式。
We finally decided to adopt a child.
我们最终决定领养一个小孩。
【拓展】
adopted adj. 领养的,收养的 adoption n. 领养,收养;采用,采纳
adoptive adj. 收养(孩子)的
【例句】
She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and adopted children.
她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。
Adoption can fail for all kinds of reasons.
收养不成功可能有各种原因。
She has to take care of her adoptive mother.
她必须照顾养母。
10. After breakfast, I pack my bag and set out again. (P27)
早餐之后,我收拾行囊再次出发。
set out 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作
【搭配】
set out on a journey 出发旅行
set out to do sth 开始做某事
set out with the idea/purpose/intention of doing sth 一心想做某事
【例句】
We set out to find the truth behind the mystery.
我们开始着手揭开谜团背后的真相。
They set out with the aim of becoming the number one team in the league。
他们一心想成为联盟中最强的球队。
11. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. (P27)
置身这般美丽的荒原,我感到活着是如此幸福。
bless /bles/ vt. 祝福
【搭配】
bless sb 祝福某人
be blessed with sth 有幸拥有某物,被赋予某物
【例句】
Good luck and God bless you.
祝你好运,愿上帝保佑你。
We’re blessed with five lovely grandchildren.
我们很有福气,有五个可爱的孙子孙女。
【拓展】
blessing n. 幸事,幸运,福气
a blessing in disguise 让人因祸得福的事情
count your blessings 不要身在福中不知福
【例句】
Rivers are a blessing for an agricultural country.
河流对于一个农业国家来说是一种恩赐。
Young people should cherish their blessings.
年轻人要懂得惜福。
12. officially or legally prohibit (P28)
官方或法律禁止
prohibit /prəˈhɪbɪt/ vt. (尤指以法令)禁止;阻止
【搭配】
prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
【例句】
Students are prohibited from smoking on campus.
学生不准在校内吸烟。
【拓展】
prohibition n. 禁止;阻止;禁令
【例句】
He knew nothing of the reason for the prohibition.
他不知道这次禁令的理由。
Prohibition of the practice is the only solution.
禁止这种行为是唯一的解决办法。
13. I believe that a journalist should be completely objective. (P28)
我认为记者应该完全客观。
journalist /ˈdʒɜːrnəlɪst/ n. 新闻记者;新闻工作者
【例句】
A journalist is a person whose job is to collect news and write about it for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio.
记者的工作是收集新闻并为报纸、杂志、电视或电台报道。
As a journalist, she has always had a nose for a good story.
作为一名记者,她总是能够捕捉到好新闻。
【拓展】
journal n. 杂志;日记
journalism n. 新闻业;新闻工作
【例句】
This journal is available in paper and electronic form.
这份刊物有印刷版本和电子版本。
He kept a journal during his visit to Japan.
他在访问日本期间记日记。
I’ve made some useful contacts in journalism.
我在新闻界结交了一些有用的人。
When he left school he took up journalism.
离开学校以后,他就从事了新闻工作。
14. Whenever I sneeze, my English teacher says, “Bless you!” (P28)
每当我打喷嚏时,我的英语老师都会说:“祝福你!”
sneeze /sniːz/ vi. 打喷嚏 n. 喷嚏;喷嚏声
【搭配】
not to be sneezed at/nothing to sneeze at 不可轻视,值得认真考虑
【例句】
What exactly happens when we sneeze?
我们打喷嚏究竟是怎么回事?
She gave a violent sneeze.
她打了个大喷嚏。
In those days, $20 was not a sum to be sneezed at.
那时候,20美元可不能不当回事。
15. He ordered the dish labelled “Pumpkin Pie and Ice Cream”. (P28)
他点了一道标有“南瓜派和冰淇淋”的菜。
label /ˈleɪbl/ vt. 用标签标明;贴标签 n. 标签;标记
【搭配】
label sth with sth 用某物标记某物
label sb/sth (as) sth (尤指不公正地)把……称为
【例句】
The washing instructions are on the label.
洗涤说明在标签上。
We carefully labelled each item with the contents and the date.
我们仔细地把每件物品用标签标明成分和日期。
Tom hates to be labelled as a bad boy.
汤姆讨厌被贴上坏男孩的标签。
16. …with boundaries stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russia’s wildlife reserves. (P28)
……边界一直延伸到边境,并与俄罗斯的野生动物保护区相连。
stretch /stretʃ/ vi. 延伸;延续 vi. & vt. 伸展;舒展
【搭配】
stretch sth out 伸出,伸开(手、脚等)
【例句】
Fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see.
放眼望去,田野山丘绵延不绝。
It is better to stretch the tight muscles first.
最好先伸展一下僵硬的肌肉。
I stretched out a hand and picked up the book.
我伸出一只手,把书捡起来。
【拓展】
stretch n. 一片地域/水域;连续的一段时间;伸展,伸开
at full stretch 身体伸直;全力以赴
【例句】
You rarely see boats on this stretch of the river.
这一河段船只罕见。
She doesn’t leave the house for long stretches of time.
她不会长时间离开这所房子。
Fire crews have been operating at full stretch.
各消防队一直在全力以赴。
17. cycle /saɪkl/ n. 自行车;摩托车;循环 vi. 骑自行车
【例句】
We went for a cycle ride on Sunday.
我们星期天骑自行车去兜风了。
I usually cycle home through the park.
我通常骑自行车穿过公园回家。
A year constitutes a cycle of the seasons.
一年由四季的周期循环组成。
【拓展】
recycle v. 回收利用;再利用;再次应用,再次使用
bicycle n. 自行车 motorcycle n. 摩托车
18. corridor /ˈkɒrɪdɔː(r)/ n. 狭长地带;走廊;过道;通道
【例句】
His room is along the corridor.
他的房间就在走廊边。
A faint light glimmered at the end of the corridor.
走廊的尽头闪着一星微光。
The Coa Valley provides a migratory corridor for rare species.
科阿山谷为稀有物种提供了迁徙通道。
【搭配】
view corridor 观景廊
a transportation corridor 运输通道
19. pedal /ˈpedl/ n. (自行车等的)脚镫子;踏板 vt. & vi. 骑自行车;踩踏板
【例句】
I couldn’t reach the pedals on her bike.
我骑她的车够不到脚镫子。
I saw her pedalling along the path.
我看见她在小道上骑自行车。
She pedalled her bicycle up the track.
她骑车上了小路。
【搭配】
gas pedal 油门
brake pedal 刹车踏板
20. fountain /ˈfaʊntən/ n. 喷泉;人工喷泉;喷水池
【例句】
At the centre of the park there is a fountain.
公园正中有一个喷泉。
The fountain plays only at weekend.
这个喷泉仅在周末喷水。
Located off-centre in the irregularly shaped lake was a fountain.
在那个形状不规则的湖的中心之处,有一个喷泉。
【搭配】
fountain pen 钢笔
water fountain 饮水器;供应饮用水之处
21. route /ruːt/ n. 路线;路途;途径
【例句】
Which is the best route to take?
哪一条是最佳路线?
Motorists are advised to find an alternative route.
建议驾车者换一条路线。
Let’s take the scenic route along the coast.
我们顺着沿海这条风景优美的路走吧。
【搭配】
silk route 丝绸之路
route chart 航线图;过程图表
22. ahead /əˈhed/ adv. 向前;在前面;提前
【例句】
He was looking straight ahead.
他径直往前看去。
The road ahead was blocked.
前面的路被封了。
This will create problems in the months ahead.
在以后的几个月中这个就要出问题。
【搭配】
ahead of time 提前;提早
keep ahead 领先;保持领先地位
23. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you. (P31)
无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总有一个奇妙无比的主题公园会让你流连忘返!
incredible /ɪnˈkredəbl/ adj. 极好的;极大的;难以置信的
【例句】
It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already.
真让人难以置信,她已经在那里待了一个星期了。
【拓展】
credit n. (偿还欠款的)信誉;信用;赞扬;称赞;认可
【例句】
He’s a player who rarely seems to get the credit he deserves.
他这个选手好像很少得到应得的赞扬。
24. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you. (P31)
无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总有一个奇妙无比的主题公园会让你流连忘返!
appeal /əˈpiːl/ vi. 有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n. 吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求
【例句】
The Beatles have never really lost their appeal.
披头士乐队的吸引力经久不衰。
【搭配】
appeal to 有吸引力;有感染力;呼吁;上诉;打动
【例句】
Organizers appealed to the crowd not to panic.
组织者呼吁人群不要惊慌。
25. Travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship, or meeting an adorable fairytale or cartoon character are all possible at Disneyland. (P31)
无论是遨游太空、参观海盗船,还是邂逅可爱的童话或卡通人物,在迪士尼乐园都能实现。
adorable /əˈdɔːrəbl/ adj. 可爱的;讨人喜爱的
【例句】
What an adorable child!
多可爱的小孩呀!
【拓展】
adore v. 热爱,爱慕(某人);喜爱,热爱(某事物)
【例句】
She adores working with children.
她热爱参与儿童工作。
26. Of course, Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops. (P31)
当然,迪士尼还有很多十分刺激的游乐项目,如巨大的秋千船和恐怖的跳楼机。
amuse /əˈmjuːz/ vt. (提供)消遣;(使)娱乐
【例句】
I’m sure I’ll be able to amuse myself for a few hours.
我肯定几个小时都会自得其乐
【拓展】
amused adj. 被逗乐的;觉得好笑的 amusing adj. 好笑的;有乐趣的
amusement n. 可笑;愉悦;娱乐;娱乐活动;游戏;消遣活动
【例句】
I didn’t find the joke at all amusing.
我认为这笑话一点也不可笑。
27. Visiting the candy shop and trying some of the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago is a rare experience. (P32)
去糖果店品尝150年前美国南方人制作的那种糖果,也是难得的一次体验。
rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀少的;珍贵的;(肉)半熟的
【例句】
It’s extremely rare for it to be this hot in April.
四月份就这样炎热是极其罕见的。
【拓展】
rarely adv. 很少地;难得;罕有地
【例句】
Rarely has a debate attracted so much media attention.
很少有辩论吸引这么多媒体关注。
28. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium—the world’s largest—and see up to 20,000 fish, … (P32)
在这里,你可以漫步于全球最大的鲸鲨水族馆;除了一条长达68米的鲸鲨,你还可以观赏两万条之多的各种鱼类,……
up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任
【例句】
Her latest book isn’t up to her usual standard.
她的新作没有达到她平常的水准。
【搭配】
It is up to sb. to do sth. 由某人决定去做某事/做某事是某人的职责
【例句】
It’s up to you to decide how to get there.
由你来决定怎样到达那儿。
It’s up to her to lock the door.
锁门是她的职责。
29. Then at night, see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. (P32)
夜晚时分,你可以观赏到绚烂的灯火游行和烟花表演。
splendid /ˈsplendɪd/ adj. 壮丽的;雄伟的;极佳的;非常好的
【例句】
The splendid hall dazzled the young man.
富丽堂皇的大厅使那年轻人眼花缭乱。
We’ve all had a splendid time.
我们大家都玩得很开心。
The hotel stands in splendid isolation, surrounded by moorland.
那旅馆岿然独立,周围是一片高沼地。
Wish you a more splendid, brighter year!
祝你拥有一个更加灿烂,更加辉煌的来年
30. Then at night, see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. (P32)
夜晚时分,你可以观赏到绚烂的灯火游行和烟花表演。
display /dɪˈspleɪ/ n. 展览;陈列;展览品 vt. 显示;陈列
【例句】
The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.
这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。
【搭配】
on display 陈列;展出
【例句】
Designs for the new sports hall are on display in the library.
新体育馆的设计图展示在图书馆里。
31. The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every appetite—you can even eat while watching the fish swim by. (P32)
游乐园内设有许多餐馆,有满足不同口味的美食——你甚至可以边吃东西边观看鱼儿游过。
appetite /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ n. 食欲;胃口;强烈欲望
【例句】
He suffered from headaches and loss of appetite.
他头痛,而且食欲不振。
【搭配】
appetite for… 对……的欲望
【例句】
Exercise will improve your appetite for food.
运动能增进你的食欲。
[语法]
1. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. (P26)
尽管外面艳阳高照,我也分不清是早上还是夜晚。
在本句中,“telling whether it is morning or night is impossible”是主句,在这个主句中,现在分词短语“telling whether it is morning or night”作主语。“Even though the sun is brightly shining”是由even though引导的让步状语从句。
【例句】
We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.
纵然任务艰巨,我们也要及时完成。
Doing exercise regularly is beneficial for us.
经常锻炼对我们有益。
2. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. (P26)
跟着驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。
本句是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。主句“Following the reindeer were the Sami people”是一个倒装句,在这个句子中,主谓倒装,主语the Sami people后置,以便与后面的定语从句更好地衔接,语义上也更连贯。“who made this territory their home”是由who引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Sami people。
【例句】
Near the church was an old ruined cottage.
教堂附近有一座破旧的小屋。
The play, whose style is rigidly formal, is typical of the period.
这剧本是那个时期的典型作品,风格拘谨刻板。
3. 动词-ing形式的结构
(1) 动词-ing形式有时态和语态的变化,以do为例:
|
主动形式 |
被动形式 |
一般式 |
doing |
being done |
完成式 |
having done |
having been done |
动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前加not
(2) 动词-ing形式的特征和用法
动词-ing形式既具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词的特征,因此它可以在句中作多种句子成分。我们已经学习过其作定语、状语、(宾语)补(足)语的用法。
4.动词-ing形式作主语时通常表示抽象的、一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态,且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。
【例句】
Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
这里交通极为不便,因此,除了萨米人,很少有人见过萨勒克。
Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
置身这般美丽的荒原,我感到活着是如此幸福。
Riding on the only steam engine still working in the southeastern United States is a special treat.
乘坐美国东南部唯一一辆至今仍在运转的蒸汽火车,也别有一番趣味。
Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun.
观看海豚和海狮表演,既可以长知识,又十分好玩。
5.动词-ing形式作主语时,可位于句首和句末。为了保持句子平衡,通常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在句末。
动词-ing形式作真正的主语且用it作形式主语的常见句型如下:
It is no use/ no good… + doing…
It is a waste of time + doing…
It is worth + doing…
【例句】
It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a stubborn person.
试图说服这么固执的人是浪费时间。
It is no use waiting here.
在这儿等无济于事。
It is worth having a try!
值得一试!
6.动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语时,通常有两种形式:
①形容词性物主代词+动词-ing形式
②名词所有格+动词-ing形式
【例句】
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他们前来帮忙对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。
Mike’s returning to work is a great help to us.
迈克回来工作对我们来说有很大的帮助。
7.重点句型:
①句型“There is no doing…”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时,需用动词-ing形式作主语。
【例句】
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
②句型“There is no point/sense (in) doing sth”表示“做……是没有意义的”,需用动词-ing形式作主语。
There’s no point (in) waiting.
等待是毫无意义的。