1、Your friend comes to school very upset.
你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。
upset既可以作动词又可以作形容词，在此处是形容词，作补语，用来补充形容主语your friend来学校时的心情。
①The farmer came back home tired and hungry.
那个农民回家时又累又饿。
tired and hungry 修饰主语 the farmer
②Don’t marry young. 不要早婚。
young 补充修饰省去的主语 you
③Who has left the door open? 谁把门敞开的？
open 是形容词，补充修饰宾语 the door
④I can’t drink it hot. 这东西热的我不能喝。
hot 作补语，修饰宾语 it
2、You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her but you have to go to class.
你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他（或她），但是你得去上课。
be concerned about 为……担心；关心；关注。
①The family are all concerned about her safety.
（be concerned about = be worried about）
全家人对她的安全十分担心。
②Why is she so concerned about the game?
（be concerned about = be interested in）
她为什么对这场比赛这么关注（重视）？
3、She said,“I don‘t want to set down a series of facts in a diary like most people
do， but I want this diary itself to be my friend，and I shall call my friend
Kitty”
她说，“我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把这个朋友称作基蒂。”
set down 放下 = put down
set down 记下 = write down = take down = put down
①He entered the house, set down his heavy bag, and asked for some water to drink.
他进了屋子，放下沉重的口袋，向人要点水喝。
②He spoke too fast and I couldn’t set down what he said.
他讲得很快，我记不下来他所讲的内容。
4、I wonder if it‘s because I haven‘t been able to be outdoors for so long that
I‘ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无
比狂热。
此处的it‘s because … that … 是强调句型，意为“因为……所以……”
①It was because he was late again that his teacher scolded him.
因为他再次迟到，所以老师责备了他。
②It’s all because he studies hard that he does well in every subject.
完全是因为他学习努力，所以他各门功课成绩优秀。
在it is 之后表原因的从句中，because不能由since和as替换。
Why isn’t Jane speaking to me these days?
简这几天为什么不理我？
It was because you spoke ill of her behind her back.
那是因为你背后说了她的坏话。
reason n. 理由，原因
构成句型 The reason why …is that …
构成短语the reason for sth/to do和for the(some)reason
There’s no reason for that.那事没有什么理由
in order to = so as to
eg: He went to town in order to sell the painting.
He went to town so as to sell the painting.
= He went to town in order that he could sell the painting.
注意: in order to 与 so as to
相同点:其后均加动词原形，引导目的状语，否定要在to前加not. 即 in order not to /so as not to
不同点:in order to 引导的不定式短语可以放在句首，也可以置于句中，so as to 则只能位于句中。
5、But the moon gave far too much light, I didn‘t dare open a window.
但是因为月亮太亮了，我不敢打开窗子。
far经常与too或形容词的比较级连用，意为“过于；……得多”。
①I’m afraid this bus is far too crowded than that one.（=much too crowded）
恐怕这辆班车比那辆拥挤得多。
②The necklace was far more expensive than I expected.（=much more expensive）
项链比我预料的昂贵得多。
注意：
much too之后接形容词或副词，much too difficult 困难得多
too much之后接不可数名词，too much water 太多的水
6、Another time months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window
was open.
有一次，就在几个月前的一天晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。
happen to do 恰巧；碰巧；偶然（做某事）
①When I came back home my mother happened to be asleep.
我回家的时候，妈妈碰巧在睡觉。
②The police happened to notice him when the thief was just about to run away.
小偷正要逃跑，这时刚好警察瞧见了。
7、The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their
power. It was the first time in a year and a half that I‘d seen the night face
to face.
漆黑的夜晚，狂风暴雨，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是我一年半以来第一
次目睹夜晚。
It‘s the first/second/last time … that … 某人第一/二/最后一次做某事，在
这个句型中that之后的时态常用完成时态。
①It’s the second time that I have visited your company.
我是第二次来拜访你们公司。
②It was the third time that she had come into this mountain village to see the
children.
这是她第三次来到这个山村看望这些孩子。
8、Jews were caught by Nazis and put away.
犹太人被纳粹兵抓住并关押起来。
put away 把……起来；把……放好
①If you don’t use the dictionary, put it away.
如果不用字典，就把它放好。
②He broke the law and was put away.
他犯法了，因此被关起来了。