1、rise vi. 上升;上涨;起身
raise vt. 提升;提高;举起;提出;抚养;饲养
这两个动词极易混淆,但它们的根本特点或显著区别是rise是不及物动词,后边不能接
宾语,而raise是及物动词,后边要接宾语。
①The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳在东方升,西方落。
②The old man rises very early every day.
这个老人每天起得早。
③The curtain rises at 7 p.m.
下午7时开幕。
④If you want to ask a question, please raise your hand.
有问题请举手。
⑤Our government has taken strong measures to raise our standard of living.
我们的政府已采取强有力的措施来提高我们的生活水平。
⑥Anybody can raise a question in the discussion.
讨论中任何人都可以提出问题。
⑦I was raised(brought up)in the country.
我是在乡下(被)抚养长大的。
⑧They are busy raising money for the Hope Project.
他们忙于为希望工程募捐。
2、burst vi. (炸弹、炮弹、锅炉等)爆炸
- vt. 使爆炸,使爆破;胀破
- n. 爆炸,破裂
①A bomb burst a few yards away from where we stood.(vi.)
一颗炸弹在离我们所站不远的地方几码处爆炸了。
②The bottle burst.(vi.)
瓶子破裂了。
③Be careful. Don’t burst the balloon.(vt.)
小心,别把气球弄炸(破)了。
④If you get much fatter you’ll burst your clothes.(vt.)
如果你再胖下去,你的衣服就要绷破了。
⑤The police burst the door open.(vt.)
警方破门而入。
⑥burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑
⑦The burst of a bomb frightened all the children around.(n.)
炸弹的爆炸声使周围的小孩心惊肉跳。
⑧a burst of laughter 一阵笑声
a burst of anger(tears) 大发雷霆(大哭一番)
3、in the end,at an end,by the end,to the end,at the end。这些与end有关的短
语意思不一样,需要记忆。
in the end 终于
at an end 结束,终结
by the end 在……底之前
to the end 到底
at the end 在……底
①She found her necklace in the end.
她终于找到了她的项链。
②The war was at an end.
战争结束了。
③By the end of last mouth we had done all the work.
上个月底之前我们就干完了所有的工作。
④They made up their minds to fight to the end.
他们决定战斗到底。
⑤At the end of this mouth we’ll hold a sports meet.
本月底我们将举行运动会。
4、injure vt.&vi. 伤害;损害
hurt vt. 使受伤;使伤害; vi. 疼痛
这两个动词都有“伤害”的意思,injure是指意外事故中的受伤,hurt是指一般性的普
通外伤。作不及物动词是“疼痛”的意思,指伤害某人的感情时,二者可以互换。
①Five people were badly injured in the traffic accident.
有5人在车祸事故中严重受伤。
②Be careful not to hurt your finger.
当心别把手指弄伤了。
③In the football match he hurt his leg and now it hurts badly.
在足球比赛中他的腿受伤了,现在(腿)痛得很。
④What you said at the meeting hurt/injured her pride(feelings).
你在会上说的话伤了她的自尊心(感情)。
5、怎样归纳英语中表示“多”的词语?
①只能接可数名词的:
many,a good/great many,a(large)number of
②只能接不可数名词的:
much,a great deal of,a large amount of
③接可数不可数名词均可的:
a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large supply of,a large quantity of
6、怎样使用百分比?
①Seventy percent of the books are sold out.(is/are)
②Seventy percent of the water here is polluted.(is/are)
百分比之后的谓语使用单数第三人称还是复数形式,不是看百分比,而是看百分比后面
的名词,如果是不可数名词,就用单数形式,是可数名词,就用复数形式。
7、prepare,be prepared,get prepared,make preparations,be ready,get ready
以上这些词语都有“准备”的意思,但使用上有区别。
可以从动态和状态两个方面来把握:
表动态:
prepare,get prepared,make preparations,get ready
表状态:
be prepared,be ready
选用以上词语填空:
①The final examination is coming. Let’s prepare/get prepared/make
preparations/get ready for it.
②Please get your pen prepared/ready and paper for the exam.
③The teacher is pleased because we are prepared/are ready for the match.
练习:
应用括号里的词语翻译句子:
①并不是所有的学生都是团员。(not all)
Not all the students League members.
②请为明天的考试作好一切准备。(get … ready)
Please get everything ready for tomorrow‘s exam.
③我们终于见到了那位电影明星。(in the end)
We saw the film star in the end.
④这就是前天在运动场上受伤的那位运动员。(hurt,定语从句)
This is the player who was hurt on the playground the day before yesterday.
⑤谁也不知道这场雨要下多久。(last)
Nobody knows how long the rain will last.